Public safety and health, public morals, environmental protection, and national defense are the grounds for imposing excise duties. The classification of electricity as a good or service is significant for matters of international conduct. Founder and managing partner of the independent energy consultancy firm New Energy Reality. The firm specializes in energy management, energy efficiency, and optimization of electrical energy flows for industrial facilities, public and office buildings, hotels, and commercial properties. As an advocate for electricity users, he supports their transition to deregulated market-trading relationships, ensuring they navigate energy markets efficiently. Eng. Stefanov has developed extensive expertise in building energy efficiency, operations, planning, and optimization. His skills also encompass regulatory compliance, distribution networks (low and medium voltage), and the development of energy and information infrastructure. A strong proponent of blockchain-based automated energy transactions, he is a long-standing member of the Chamber of Engineers in Investment Design, Plovdiv Regional College, and a leader in advancing sustainable energy practices.